Introduction
🌍 Introduction to the World Wide Web
Understanding the foundation of our digital world - from basic concepts to advanced layers
What is the World Wide Web?
The World Wide Web (WWW) is commonly the same as the Web, is a chain that makes it easy and efficient to send files and information over the internet.
Key Concept: The Web is NOT the same as the internet. A computer connects to the internet and runs on it, while the web runs on the internet.
WWW connects all people worldwide.
How the Web Works
Basic Process: When you type a URL in your browser:
- Your browser sends a request to a Domain Name System (DNS) server
- DNS translates the domain name to an IP address
- Browser connects to the server at that IP address
- Server sends back the requested webpage
- Browser renders the webpage on your screen
🌐 URL
Uniform Resource Locator - The address of a web resource (e.g., https://www.example.com)
🔗 HTTP/HTTPS
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Secure) - Rules for transferring web data between browser and server
🖥️ Browser
Software application for accessing and displaying web pages (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc.)
⚡ Server
Computer that stores website files and delivers them to users when requested
Three Layers of the Web
The Web Iceberg: A large proportion of the internet lies below the surface.
Surface Web
The visible part indexed by search engines
Examples: Google, Facebook, Amazon
Deep Web
Private content not indexed by search engines
Examples: Email, banking, databases
Dark Web
Hidden networks requiring special software
Examples: .onion sites, anonymous forums
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